Fly Fishing Gear

How is it that identical species of freshwater fish appear on disparate continents?

Certain freshwater fish species, like the Northern Pike, appear in lakes in Europe and North America. How is this possible? I doubt these species are old enough to have existed back when the continents were joined, and I doubt they managed to cross in water contained by the land bridges formed by the freezing of the Bering Strait. The only other possibility I can think of is that they adapted to saltwater for a time (like salmon do).

The Northern Pike is also found in brackish water, so it can probably migrate short distances between adjacent land masses. North America and Europe are close to each other along the Arctic circle. In the past a land bridge once existed between eastern North America and western Europe, known as the Thulean Land Bridge, allowing the exchange of land animals between the two continents. The European treefrog, Hyla arborea, originated in North America. It is closely related to Hyla species in the USA, and also closely resembles Hyla eximia and Hyla regilla morphologically. The ratsnakes, genus Elaphe, originated in Eurasia and migrated to North America about 25 million years ago. The Thulean Land Bridge is not as well known as the Asia-North America (Beringia) Land Bridge, but no less important biogeographically.

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